Gordon Natural Area

Common Name: Spider Cup

Synonyms: Peziza aurelia

Years Noted: 2019; 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
A tentative identification that needs microscopy for verification.

Note: The common name 'Spider Cup' was assigned to this species by GNA staff.

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 356).

Common Name:

Year Noted: 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
A diminutive coprophilous species (i.e., one that colonizes feces). To date, only a single occurrence has been noted in the GNA: this was growing on the same White-tailed Deer scat that Dung Cannon (Pilobolus crystallinus) was noted on.

iNaturalist Observations:

98120964 (Observed: 10/13/2021)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Verticillium rexianum

Year Noted: 2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
A myxomyceticolous fungus: i.e., a species that parasitizes slime molds (myxomycetes). Shown growing on Cribraria Indet.

iNaturalist Observations:

40253334 (Observed: 7/10/2019)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Nectria gracilipes

Years Noted: 2019-2022; 2025

Identified By: Nur Ritter

First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

41064680 (Observed: 7/10/2019)

141991508 (Observed: 11/10/2022)

102305318 (Observed: 11/30/2021)

61515736 (Observed: 10/2/2020)

Common Name: Dog's Nose Fungus

Synonyms: Hypoxylon petersii; Peridoxylon petersii

Years Noted: 2019-2020

Identified By: Chase Mayers

First Noted By: Ariana Rivellini

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
To date, a single population noted in the GNA. Growing on a highly-decayed fallen tree.

iNaturalist Observations:

40131513 (Observed: 7/19/2019)

55865310 (Observed: 8/8/2020)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 361).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 287*).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 108).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 130).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Snowbank Orange Peel Fungus; Blue-Staining Cup; Dazzling Cup; Golden Cup: UK

Synonyms: Pseudoplectania fulgens

Years Noted: 2019-2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty;

Comments:
To date, just a few individuals noted in the GNA, growing alongside a fallen log. CHANGE THIS

iNaturalist Observations:

43101747 (Observed: 4/19/2020)

41188415 (Observed: 4/19/2019)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 55).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 30*;338*).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 133).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Beech Aphid Poop-eater

Years Noted: 2018-2020; 2024

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Paige Vermeulen; Stephanie Bernasconi

Comments:
This mold utilizes the honeydew droppings of beech blight aphids; thus, the honeydew eater is commonly found below aphid colonies and on American Beech trees and plant matter. The mold is white but darkens to brown and black after months as it generates ascopores. (A Field Guide to Mushrooms of the Carolinas, pg.285)

iNaturalist Observations:

18449861 (Observed: 11/17/2018)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 285).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 439).

Common Names: Blue-green Wood Stain; Blue-stain Fungus

Synonyms: Chlorosplenium aeruginascens

Years Noted: 2018-2019; 2021-2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Ariana Rivellini; Kathryn Krueger; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
Fairly common in the Gordon, with stained wood encountered much more frequently than are the cups.

iNaturalist Observations:

330376350 (Observed: 12/10/2025)

146976039 (Observed: 1/20/2023)

131887849 (Observed: 8/18/2022)

108193335 (Observed: 3/8/2022)

100932641 (Observed: 11/3/2021)

69999645 (Observed: 9/10/2018)

Literature:

Arora, D. (1991). All That the Rain Promises, and More ... A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 244*).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 54).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 339).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 367).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 53).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 361).

Roody, W. C. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginian and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, KY, The University Press of Kentucky (p. 459).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 422).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: No Common Name

Years Noted: 2017-2019; 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Ariana Rivellini; Maribeth Beatty; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
Formerly placed in the Dermateaceae.

iNaturalist Observations:

330467386 (Observed: 2/15/2019)

101468609 (Observed: 11/17/2021)

100171569 (Observed: 11/3/2021)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 368).

Common Name: Green Muscardine Fungus

Years Noted: 2020; 2023

Identified By: John Plischke (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: David Kramer;

Comments:
A single 'occurrence' noted: on a Reddish-brown Stag Beetle (Lucanus capreolus).

iNaturalist Observations:

192092865 (Observed: 11/17/2023)

55826104 (Observed: 8/8/2020)

Common Names: Dwarf Caterpillarclub; Perithecial Moth Cordyceps

Synonyms: Cordyceps tuberculata

Years Noted: 2018-2019; 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Alden Ritchey; Ariana Rivellini; Jebadiah Hickman; Maribeth Beatty; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

39922281 (Observed: 2/28/2018)

39922833 (Observed: 11/30/2018)

98812926 (Observed: 10/20/2021)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 279-280).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 35).

Common Name: No Common Name

Years Noted: 2018; 2023

Identified By: phillbobaggins (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Jonathan Blithe;

iNaturalist Observations:

168521733 (Observed: 6/20/2023)

39922511 (Observed: 7/27/2018)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Isaria arachnophila

Years Noted: 2020-2021

Identified By: Nur Ritter

First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Kathryn Krueger; Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

103157508 (Observed: 12/15/2021)

60011598 (Observed: 9/18/2020)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Verticillium fungicola

Year Noted: 2017

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

39926877 (Observed: 11/10/2017)

Common Name: Beech Barkspot

Synonyms: Hypoxylon disciforme; Sphaeria disciformis

Years Noted: 2017-2018; 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

47676381 (Observed: 5/28/2020)

Common Name: Common Tarcrust

Synonyms: Hypoxylon stigma; Sphaeria decorticata; Sphaeria stigma

Years Noted: 2017-2022

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Noah Long;

iNaturalist Observations:

110840226 (Observed: 3/29/2022)

49753304 (Observed: 6/15/2020)

87293065 (Observed: 3/26/2021)

65956232 (Observed: 11/24/2020)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette and D. W. Fischer (1997). Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press (p. 524).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 362).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 295).

Common Name: Powdery Mildews

Year Noted: 2023

Identified and First Noted By: Jonathan Blithe

iNaturalist Observations:

163690912 (Observed: 5/25/2023)

Common Names: Purple Jelly Drops; Purple Jellydisc

Synonyms: Coryne sarcoides; Lichen sarcoides

Years Noted: 2017-2023

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Alexandra Hodowanec; Ariana Rivellini; Stephanie Bernasconi

Comments:
Ascocoryne sarcoides represents the teleomorphic (i.e., sexual) phase of this fungus; Coryne sarcoides is the anamorphic (i.e., asexual) phase.

iNaturalist Observations:

139555445 (Observed: 10/21/2022)

18449477 (Observed: 11/17/2018)

102182099 (Observed: 11/29/2021)

61905239 (Observed: 10/6/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 56).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 338*).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 357*).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 362*).

Ellis, M. B. and J. P. Ellis (1990). Fungi Without Gills (Hymenocetes and Gassteromycetes) - An Identification Handbook. New York, NY, Chapman and Hall (p. 362*).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 362).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 403).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Velvety Earth Tongue; Velvety Black Earth Tongue; Hairy Earth Tongue: UK

Synonyms: Geoglossum hirsutum

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty

iNaturalist Observations:

15517404 (Observed: 8/16/2018)

Literature:

Arora, D. (1991). All That the Rain Promises, and More ... A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 214).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 69).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 79).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 357).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 373).

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Nummularia repanda

Year Noted: 2017

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Formerly placed in the Xylariaceae.

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 286*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Hypoxylon Canker

Synonyms: Diatrype atropunctata; Hypoxylon atropunctatum; Sphaeria atropunctata

Years Noted: 2017-2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Kathryn Krueger; Noah Long;

Comments:
A white-rot fungus that is saprobic on the deadwood of oaks and other hardwood species (mushroomexpert.com).

iNaturalist Observations:

270482135 (Observed: 4/14/2025)

108195533 (Observed: 3/8/2022)

41187785 (Observed: 4/10/2019)

47678023 (Observed: 5/28/2020)

96932734 (Observed: 10/1/2021)

66307373 (Observed: 12/8/2020)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Sphaeria marginata

Year Noted: 2022

Identified By: Garrett Taylor (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

140252523 (Observed: 10/27/2022)

105978426 (Observed: 2/1/2022)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Hymenoscyphus virgultorum

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 386).

Common Names: Acorn Cup Fungus; Nut Disco

Synonyms: Ciboria fructigena; Helotium fructigenum; Helotium virgultorum var. fructigenum; Peziza fructigena; Phialea fructigena

Years Noted: 2018-2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Kathryn Krueger; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

102297962 (Observed: 11/30/2021)

39889583 (Observed: 9/27/2018)

39924676 (Observed: 10/2/2019)

61516668 (Observed: 10/2/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 66).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 385).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 57).

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

98135139 (Observed: 10/13/2021)

Common Name: No Common Name

Years Noted: 2018; 2021; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

39893038 (Observed: 8/1/2018)

91774351 (Observed: 8/19/2021)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 413).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 67).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 361*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Fluted White Helvella; White Elfin Saddle; White Saddle

Synonyms: Costapeda crispa

Years Noted: 2018-2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

69834135 (Observed: 5/30/2019)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 527*).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 75).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 349).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 160).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 202).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 333).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Elfin Saddle

Synonyms: Helvella sulcata

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

69834328 (Observed: 10/9/2018)

69829607 (Observed: 9/14/2018)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 527*).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette and D. W. Fischer (1997). Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press (p. 473).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 171*).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 204).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Long-stalked Gray Cup; Felt Saddle Fungus

Synonyms: Paxina hispida; Peziza macropus

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty;

iNaturalist Observations:

40138130 (Observed: 11/9/2018)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 528).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 77).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 350).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 166).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 45).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 203).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 335).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 424).

Common Names: Olive-brown Cup; Flea's Ear: UK

Synonyms: Chlorociboria versiformis; Chlorosplenium versiforme; Midotis versiformis; Peziza versiformis

Years Noted: 2018-2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Ariana Rivellini

Comments:
A tentative identification that needs microscopy for verification.

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 54).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette and D. W. Fischer (1997). Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press (p. 492).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 366).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 52).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 421).

Common Name: No Common Name

Years Noted: 2018-2020

Identified By: Jonathan Mack M.

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Noah Long;

iNaturalist Observations:

40670333 (Observed: 3/24/2020)

61443876 (Observed: 10/1/2020)

Literature:

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 425).

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2017

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

69949488 (Observed: 8/8/2017)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Creopus gelatinosus; Sphaeria gelatinosa

Years Noted: 2018-2020; 2022-2023; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: ; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
Trichoderma gelatinosum is the anamorph (i.e., the sexual form); Hypocrea gelatinosa—which is more commonly encountered in the literature—is the teleomorph (i.e., the asexual form).

iNaturalist Observations:

330365955 (Observed: 12/11/2025)

173787879 (Observed: 7/17/2023)

137671030 (Observed: 10/5/2022)

39923222 (Observed: 10/4/2019)

56781118 (Observed: 8/17/2020)

63817647 (Observed: 10/23/2020)

71309703 (Observed: 6/22/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 84).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 363).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 371).

Common Name: Orange Polypore Mold

Synonyms: Sphaeria aurantia

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 315).

Common Name: Helvella Eater

Years Noted: 2019; 2022

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty;

Comments:
A mycoparasite. Note: the common name was assigned by GNA staff.

iNaturalist Observations:

119722598 (Observed: 5/31/2022)

69834078 (Observed: 5/30/2019)

Common Names: Bolete Mold; Golden Hypomyces

Years Noted: 2018; 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Noah Long;

iNaturalist Observations:

87613420 (Observed: 7/18/2021)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 83).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 370).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 319).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 100).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 371).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 379).

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2018

Identified By: John Plischke (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
Observed infecting an Earth Tongue (Trichoglossum sp. See: https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/93051306.

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2020

Identified By: Jonathan Mack M. (Facebook Ascomycete Group)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

61166406 (Observed: 9/28/2020)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Hypocrea sulphurea

Years Noted: 2017; 2020-2023; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Jessica Greulich;

Comments:
A mycoparasitic species that parasitizes Black Jelly Roll Fungus (Exidia glandulosa) and also (presumably) a saprophyte.

iNaturalist Observations:

322823850 (Observed: 10/24/2025)

130283473 (Observed: 8/10/2022)

61513794 (Observed: 10/2/2020)

99482303 (Observed: 10/26/2021)

94212474 (Observed: 9/2/2021)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Trichoderma lignorum

Years Noted: 2017; 2019-2022; 2024-2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Kathryn Krueger; Paige Vermeulen; Rachel Resuta

iNaturalist Observations:

307489627 (Observed: 8/18/2025)

237086987 (Observed: 8/20/2024)

127263590 (Observed: 7/21/2022)

102305873 (Observed: 11/30/2021)

39925317 (Observed: 9/24/2019)

52519202 (Observed: 7/9/2020)

61166097 (Observed: 9/28/2020)

63815666 (Observed: 10/24/2020)

77680621 (Observed: 5/6/2021)

66302215 (Observed: 12/8/2020)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 314*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Carbon Balls; King Alfred's Cakes; Cramp Balls

Synonyms: Hypoxylon concentricum; Sphaeria concentrica

Years Noted: 2017-2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Formerly placed in the Xylariaceae.

iNaturalist Observations:

42279928 (Observed: 4/15/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 79).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 361).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 293).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 109).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 374).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 393).

Common Name: Rusty Woodwart

Synonyms: Hypoxylon rubiginosum var. ferrugineum

Years Noted: 2017-2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Formerly placed in the Xylariaceae.

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 331*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Beech Woodwart; Red Cushion Hypoxylon

Synonyms: Hypoxylon coccineum; Sphaeria fragiformis

Years Noted: 2017; 2020; 2022; 2025-2026

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Very common at the GNA.

Formerly placed in the Xylariaceae.

iNaturalist Observations:

329102798 (Observed: 12/1/2025)

107763181 (Observed: 3/1/2022)

56473654 (Observed: 8/14/2020)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 563).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 78).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 330*; 331*).

Laessoe, T. (2013). How to Identify and Gather Wild Mushrooms and Other Fungi New York, NY, DK Publishing (p. 52).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 374).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 394).

Roberts, P. and S. Evans (2011). The Book of Fungi: A Life-Size Guide to Six Hundred Species from around the World. Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press (p. 618).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Harlequin Woodwart

Years Noted: 2018; 2020; 2022

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Note: the common name was assigned by GNA staff.

iNaturalist Observations:

49878915 (Observed: 6/16/2020)

50586574 (Observed: 6/22/2020)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 330).

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

62190308 (Observed: 10/8/2020)

Common Name: Stalked Hairy Fairy Cup

Synonyms: Dasyscyphus virgineus; Dasyscyphus virgineus

Years Noted: 2019-2023

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Kathryn Krueger; Miranda Davies; Noah Long;

Comments:
A single occurrence noted at the GNA, but this species is easily missed.

iNaturalist Observations:

146335026 (Observed: 1/10/2023)

146334570 (Observed: 1/10/2023)

141004885 (Observed: 11/3/2022)

131882969 (Observed: 5/6/2022)

119768612 (Observed: 6/1/2022)

83040722 (Observed: 6/10/2021)

83126934 (Observed: 6/14/2021)

40137654 (Observed: 6/14/2019)

71308773 (Observed: 11/19/2019)

71308595 (Observed: 3/9/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 58).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 58*).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 361).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 375).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Woolly Woodwart

Synonyms: Sphaeria ovina

Years Noted: 2020; 2022; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Mackenzie Rose; Miranda Davies;

iNaturalist Observations:

322590065 (Observed: 10/23/2025)

145772394 (Observed: 12/20/2022)

40999228 (Observed: 3/29/2020)

Common Name:

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: ; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

45079017 (Observed: 5/23/2018)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Lasiosphaeria spermoides; Sphaeria spermoides

Years Noted: 2018; 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty;

iNaturalist Observations:

39805580 (Observed: 11/30/2018)

61202928 (Observed: 9/28/2020)

Common Name: Jelly Babies

Years Noted: 2018-2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Ariana Rivellini; Maribeth Beatty; Paige Vermeulen

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 67).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 355).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 74).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 257).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 364).

Russell, B. (2017). Field Guide to Wild Mushrooms of Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic. Revised and Expanded Edition, Penn State Press (p. 146).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 439).

Common Names: Orange Earth Tongue; Yellow Earth Tongue

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty;

iNaturalist Observations:

39852443 (Observed: 9/20/2018)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 549).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 68).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 356).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 427).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 75).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 358).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 375).

Roody, W. C. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginian and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, KY, The University Press of Kentucky (p. 413).

Common Name: Green Earth Tongue

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: ; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

42280600 (Observed: 10/5/2018)

Literature:

Arora, D. (1991). All That the Rain Promises, and More ... A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 214*).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 425*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Orange Hobnail Canker

Synonyms: Endothia gyrosa; Sphaeria gyrosa

Years Noted: 2017; 2021; 2023-2024

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Seemingly, this species is rarely noted. At the GNA, known from a single dead tree.

iNaturalist Observations:

234370130 (Observed: 8/7/2024)

159503425 (Observed: 5/2/2023)

68069273 (Observed: 1/14/2021)

71297055 (Observed: 2/26/2021)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Graphium putredinis

Years Noted: 2019-2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
To date, a single occurrence known for the GNA. Growing on a Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) fruit.

Note: the identification is tentative, as it is based solely on morphologic characters (no microscopic work has been undertaken).

iNaturalist Observations:

42464438 (Observed: 6/3/2019)

49868644 (Observed: 6/16/2020)

Common Name: Common Gray Disco

Synonyms: Peziza cinerea

Years Noted: 2017-2023

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Ariana Rivellini; Maribeth Beatty; Miranda Davies; Paige Vermeulen

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 399).

Common Name: Yellow Morel

Years Noted: 2007; 2017-2020; 2022

Identified and First Noted By: Lauren Levy

Also Noted By: Alexandra Hodowanec; Gerry Hertel; Greg Turner; Kathryn Krueger; Maribeth Beatty; Nur Ritter; Paige Vermeulen; Tug DeLuce

Literature:

Arora, D. (1991). All That the Rain Promises, and More ... A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 232).

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 522).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 72).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 190*).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 327).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 286).

Marrone, T. and W. E. Sturgeon (2016). Mushrooms of the Northeast: A Simple Guide to Common Mushrooms. Cambridge, MN, Adventure Publications (p. 25).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Half-free Morel

Years Noted: 2020; 2022

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Kathryn Krueger;

Comments:
To date, only known in the GNA from two observations.

iNaturalist Observations:

112071219 (Observed: 4/19/2022)

42258897 (Observed: 4/15/2020)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 352).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 189).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 49).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 280).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 447*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Noted a single time at the GNA: growing on a Tulip Tree (Liriodendron tulipifera) leaf.

iNaturalist Observations:

58994693 (Observed: 9/8/2020)

Common Names: Red Dock Spot; Ramularia Leaf Spot

Synonyms: Ovularia obliqua

Year Noted: 2022

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

121910361 (Observed: 6/15/2022)

Common Name: Beech Rust

Synonyms: Nectria coccinea; Sphaeria coccinea

Year Noted: 2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
A tentative identification that needs more work for verification.

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 334*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Nectrie des Sphaeria: France

Synonyms: Cosmospora episphaeria; Fusarium episphaeria; Nectria episphaeria; Sphaeria episphaeria

Years Noted: 2017-2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Common Names: Deer Vomit; Tree Slime Fungus

Years Noted: 2023-2024

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

330459146 (Observed: 3/30/2023)

Common Name: Coral Spot Fungus

Synonyms: Sphaeria cinnabarina

Years Noted: 2019; 2023

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Miranda Davies;

iNaturalist Observations:

148909472 (Observed: 2/16/2023)

42789751 (Observed: 12/23/2019)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 82).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 334).

Common Name: Yellow Spot

Synonyms: Hydropisphaera peziza; Neuronectria peziza; Sphaeria peziza

Years Noted: 2017-2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

41365983 (Observed: 10/9/2018)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 334*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2021

Identified By:

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

106862756 (Observed: 1/8/2021)

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2019

Identified By: Nur Ritter

First Noted By: Ariana Rivellini

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Entomopathogenic species; a single 'occurrence' noted on an unidentified insect.

iNaturalist Observations:

39926648 (Observed: 10/11/2019)

Common Name: Slime Mold Fairy Pin

Synonyms: Blistum tomentosum

Years Noted: 2017-2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: ; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
Note: The common name was assigned by GNA Staff.

iNaturalist Observations:

192636167 (Observed: 12/15/2020)

56782658 (Observed: 8/17/2020)

Literature:

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 106).

Common Name: Goldenthread Cordyceps

Synonyms: Cordyceps ophioglossoides

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

39891315 (Observed: 8/21/2018)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 81).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 368).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 107).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 170).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 683).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 385).

Common Name: Dutch Elm Disease

Year Noted: 2020

Identified By: E. Johannesen

First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Growing on a small, decaying branch on the forest floor.

As noted by Alisha Millican regarding the iNaturalist specimen: "This could be either O. ulmi or O. novo-ulmi, or even a hybrid of the two. See here.

iNaturalist Observations:

39177432 (Observed: 2/24/2020)

Common Name: Delicate Glasscup

Synonyms: Orbilia delicatula

Year Noted: 2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
The identification of this species is uncertain and needs microscopy work for a definitive id. Note: the common name was assigned by GNA staff.

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 435*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

45102772 (Observed: 8/7/2019)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Chromelosporium coerulescens

Year Noted: 2021

Identified By: Nur Ritter

First Noted By: Noah Long

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Is found growing on rotten wood and on mosses in forests (MycoQuébec).

iNaturalist Observations:

81615803 (Observed: 6/4/2021)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 212*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name:

Year Noted: 2023

Identified By: Nur Ritter

First Noted By: Kathryn Krueger & Miranda Davies

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

172502543 (Observed: 7/11/2023)

Common Names: Bay Cup; Bat Cup Fungus; Yellow-ear Cup

Synonyms: Galactinia badia; Peziza badia; Plicaria badia; Scodellina badia

Year Noted: 2017

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 342*).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 207).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 62*).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 347*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Common Brown Cup

Years Noted: 2018-2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Jessica Schedlbauer; Maribeth Beatty; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
In the spring of 2018, this cup fungus was very abundant locally in at least two areas of the GNA.

iNaturalist Observations:

41192466 (Observed: 5/3/2019)

44921469 (Observed: 5/4/2020)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 537*).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 342).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 215).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 62).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Recurved Cup; Layered Cup

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

69631369 (Observed: 7/19/2018)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 536).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 343).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 221).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 348*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Recurved Cup; Bladder Cup; Blistered Cup: UK

Years Noted: 2017; 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

41324411 (Observed: 4/3/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 62).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 63).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 348).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 371).

Common Names: Yellow Fairy Cups; Lemon Disco: UK

Synonyms: Bisporella citrina

Years Noted: 2017-2025

Identified and First Noted By: Alexandra Hodowanec

Also Noted By: Ariana Rivellini; Kathryn Krueger; Maribeth Beatty; Mary Teresa Ohara; Nur Ritter; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

234389956 (Observed: 8/7/2024)

146977014 (Observed: 1/20/2023)

138290538 (Observed: 10/7/2022)

61903441 (Observed: 10/6/2020)

96814111 (Observed: 10/1/2021)

66020770 (Observed: 12/2/2020)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 546).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 59).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 339).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 362).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 50).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 106).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 362).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 399).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 375).

Common Name: No Common Name

Years Noted: 2018-2019

Identified By: John Plischke (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Growing on a large, fallen Tulip Tree (Liriodendron tulipifera).

iNaturalist Observations:

40130573 (Observed: 11/29/2018)

Common Names: Black Jelly Drops; Black Bulgar

Synonyms: Peziza inquinans; Phaeobulgaria inquinans

Years Noted: 2018-2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: ; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

101278053 (Observed: 6/21/2019)

56452711 (Observed: 8/14/2020)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 541*).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 57).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 310).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 364).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 51).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 363).

Roberts, P. and S. Evans (2011). The Book of Fungi: A Life-Size Guide to Six Hundred Species from around the World. Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press (p. 554).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 440).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name:

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By:

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

49370006 (Observed: 6/12/2020)

Common Name:

Year Noted: 2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

45104982 (Observed: 2/15/2019)

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2019

Identified By: James K. Mictchell (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

43079642 (Observed: 11/1/2019)

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2019

Identified By: imasongster (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

36346907 (Observed: 10/5/2019)

Common Name: Operculate Ascomycetes

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

49369012 (Observed: 6/12/2020)

Common Name: Operculate Ascomycetes

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

56972746 (Observed: 8/17/2020)

Common Name: Operculate Ascomycetes

Years Noted: 2018; 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

63815589 (Observed: 10/24/2020)

Common Name:

Year Noted: 2020

Identified By: James K. Mictchell (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
To date, a single occurrence known for the GNA. Growing on the broken top of a small Box Elder (Acer negundo).

iNaturalist Observations:

41901469 (Observed: 4/10/2020)

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

254315638 (Observed: 10/13/2021)

Common Names: Hairy Fariy Cup; Glazed Cup: UK

Synonyms: Lachnea hemisphaerica; Patella albida

Year Noted: 2018

Identified By: Nur Ritter

First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

93051955 (Observed: 8/8/2018)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 542).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 60).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 341).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 172).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 56).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 207).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 351).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 371).

Common Name: Orange-red Eyelash Cup

Synonyms: Patella umbrorum

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

40024324 (Observed: 7/20/2018)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 253).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 373).

Common Name: Orange Eyelash Cup

Synonyms: Patella erinaceus; Peziza erinaceus

Years Noted: 2018-2022; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

322821280 (Observed: 10/24/2025)

138609073 (Observed: 10/12/2022)

102181907 (Observed: 11/29/2021)

39574577 (Observed: 10/10/2018)

61910467 (Observed: 10/6/2020)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 543*).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 60).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette and D. W. Fischer (1997). Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press (p. 497).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 344*).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 252).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 65*).

Roody, W. C. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginian and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, KY, The University Press of Kentucky (p. 471*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Eyelash Cup

Synonyms: Lachnea scutellata; Patella scutellata; Peziza scutellata

Years Noted: 2017-2020; 2022

Identified and First Noted By: Alexandra Hodowanec

Also Noted By: Noah Long; Ariana Rivellini; Kathryn Krueger; Maribeth Beatty; Nur Ritter; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
A commonly encountered Ascomycetes at the GNA.

iNaturalist Observations:

127255964 (Observed: 7/21/2022)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 543).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 60).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 344).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 253).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 65).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 357).

Laessoe, T. (2013). How to Identify and Gather Wild Mushrooms and Other Fungi New York, NY, DK Publishing (p. 39).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 353).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 411).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 373).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 427).

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Humaria setosa; Lachnea setosa; Peziza setosa

Year Noted: 2019

Identified By: Malcolm Greaves (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

39923273 (Observed: 10/4/2019)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 60).

Common Name: No Common Name

Years Noted: 2018-2019; 2021-2022; 2025

Identified By: J. Thornhill (Facebook Ascomycete Group)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty;

iNaturalist Observations:

264114815 (Observed: 3/6/2025)

138422790 (Observed: 10/11/2022)

39462335 (Observed: 7/26/2018)

98704029 (Observed: 10/19/2021)

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2023

Identified By: kidneymoth (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

167240125 (Observed: 6/13/2023)

Common Names: Black Tar Spot; Sycamore Tarspot: UK

Year Noted: 2024

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

197899273 (Observed: 1/5/2024)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 362*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Speckled Tar Spot

Year Noted: 2023

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

146842680 (Observed: 1/18/2023)

Literature:

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 87).

Common Name: Stalked Scarlet Cup

Years Noted: 2017-2025

Identified and First Noted By: Alexandra Hodowanec

Also Noted By: Noah Long; Ariana Rivellini; Gerry Hertel; Jared KIine; Jessicas Greulich; Kinsey Cuoco; Mackenzie Rose; Maribeth Beatty; Miranda Davies; Nur Ritter; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
Encountered very frequently at the GNA in the spring and early summer.

iNaturalist Observations:

321046705 (Observed: 10/15/2025)

217746640 (Observed: 5/23/2024)

119731548 (Observed: 5/31/2022)

39573307 (Observed: 10/10/2018)

47664207 (Observed: 5/28/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 55).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 344).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 248).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 353).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 344).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 368).

Roody, W. C. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginian and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, KY, The University Press of Kentucky (p. 470).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 429).

Common Names: Hairy Rubber Cup; Peanut Butter Cup

Synonyms: Bulgaria rufa

Years Noted: 2013; 2018-2022; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Ariana Rivellini; Jared KIine; Maribeth Beatty; Matt Desko; Noah Long; Paige Vermeulen; William Ricci

Comments:
A very common and widespread species at the GNA.

iNaturalist Observations:

13408431 (Observed: 6/13/2018)

49360055 (Observed: 6/12/2020)

56787910 (Observed: 8/17/2020)

83676643 (Observed: 6/18/2021)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 541).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 57).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 340).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 142).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 55).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 179).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 438).

Common Name: Ciboria

Year Noted: 2007

Identified and First Noted By: Lauren Levy

Common Name:

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Common Name: Oak Leaf Blister

Year Noted: 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

95843561 (Observed: 9/21/2021)

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2024

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

214410894 (Observed: 5/8/2024)

Common Name: Pine Pumpkins

Synonyms: Zythia resinae

Years Noted: 2020-2024

Identified By: James K. Mictchell (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Kathryn Krueger;

iNaturalist Observations:

45906534 (Observed: 5/14/2020)

46770528 (Observed: 3/8/2021)

68735084 (Observed: 1/28/2021)

70734141 (Observed: 2/26/2021)

107431174 (Observed: 2/22/2022)

157257262 (Observed: 4/28/2023)

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
To date, a single occurrence known for the GNA. Growing on a fallen, hardwood (cf. Carya) branch.

iNaturalist Observations:

39765493 (Observed: 3/9/2020)

Common Name: Black Knot Fungus

Synonyms: Dibotryon morbosum; Plowrightia morbosa

Years Noted: 2017-2018; 2020; 2022-2023; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Alexandra Hodowanec;

iNaturalist Observations:

140888271 (Observed: 11/1/2022)

52512559 (Observed: 7/9/2020)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 360).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 438).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 86).

Common Names: Brittle Cinder; Carbon Cushion

Synonyms: Hypoxylon deustum; Hypoxylon ustulatum; Sphaeria deusta; Ustulina deusta; Ustulina vulgaris

Years Noted: 2014; 2017-2019; 2021-2022; 2024

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Noah Long; Gerry Hertel; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
A commonly encountered Ascomycetes at the GNA.

iNaturalist Observations:

118826236 (Observed: 5/26/2022)

41194870 (Observed: 5/14/2019)

81914285 (Observed: 6/4/2021)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 363).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 332).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 111).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 433).

Common Name: No Common Name

Years Noted: 2018-2021

Identified By: D. Newman

First Noted By: Noah Long

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter; Paige Vermeulen

Comments:
Only a few individuals noted, but the two areas in which this species was noted were separated by ~1,000 feet.

iNaturalist Observations:

83176438 (Observed: 6/14/2021)

49869138 (Observed: 6/16/2020)

36684096 (Observed: 6/14/2019)

36715025 (Observed: 9/14/2018)

49365360 (Observed: 6/12/2020)

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Hypoxylon serpens; Nemania serpens var. colliculosa; Nemania serpens var. hydnicola; Sphaeria hydnicola; Sphaeria serpens

Year Noted: 2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Common Name: No Common Name

Synonyms: Sphaeria corticium

Years Noted: 2018; 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

49880215 (Observed: 6/16/2020)

Common Name: No Common Name

Years Noted: 2018-2021; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: ; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

264112364 (Observed: 3/7/2025)

36500395 (Observed: 12/9/2019)

62187601 (Observed: 10/9/2020)

97883738 (Observed: 10/8/2021)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 345).

Common Name: Powdery Xylaria

Synonyms: Xylocoremium flabelliforme

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
Xylaria cubensis represents the anamorphic (i.e., sexual) stage of Xylocoremium flabelliforme (the teleomorphic stage).

iNaturalist Observations:

101279511 (Observed: 5/23/2018)

Literature:

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 348).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 85).

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2019

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

101278673 (Observed: 6/21/2019)

Common Names: Carbon Antlers; Candlesnuff Fungus

Years Noted: 2018-2020; 2023; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

172143730 (Observed: 7/6/2023)

101279194 (Observed: 6/5/2018)

Literature:

Arora, D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 885).

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 564*).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 80).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 349).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 80).

Laessoe, T. (2013). How to Identify and Gather Wild Mushrooms and Other Fungi New York, NY, DK Publishing (p. 50).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 375).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 375).

Roberts, P. and S. Evans (2011). The Book of Fungi: A Life-Size Guide to Six Hundred Species from around the World. Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press (p. 624).

Roody, W. C. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginian and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, KY, The University Press of Kentucky (p. 418*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

39766001 (Observed: 3/9/2020)

Common Name: Sweetgum Xylaria

Years Noted: 2020-2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
On Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) fruit.

iNaturalist Observations:

49868288 (Observed: 6/16/2020)

83048260 (Observed: 6/14/2021)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. NA ).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 364*).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 350).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 81).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Dead Moll's Fingers

Years Noted: 2017-2018; 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

49114708 (Observed: 6/9/2020)

Literature:

Arora, D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 886*).

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 564).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 79).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 364*).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 351*).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 395).

Roody, W. C. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginian and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, KY, The University Press of Kentucky (p. 418*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Dead Man's Fingers

Years Noted: 2017-2018; 2020; 2023-2024

Identified and First Noted By: Alexandra Hodowanec

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter; Paige Vermeulen; Seth Pollich

iNaturalist Observations:

215980078 (Observed: 5/15/2024)

172337784 (Observed: 7/11/2023)

169632959 (Observed: 6/26/2023)

52520750 (Observed: 7/9/2020)

Literature:

Arora, D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 886).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 79).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette and D. W. Fischer (1997). Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press (p. 526).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 364).

Beug, M. W., et al. (2014). Ascomycete Fungi of North America. A Mushroom Reference Guide. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 351).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 83).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 396).

Laessoe, T. (2013). How to Identify and Gather Wild Mushrooms and Other Fungi New York, NY, DK Publishing (p. 51).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 376).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 345).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 375).

Roberts, P. and S. Evans (2011). The Book of Fungi: A Life-Size Guide to Six Hundred Species from around the World. Chicago, IL, University of Chicago Press (p. 625).

Roody, W. C. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginian and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, KY, The University Press of Kentucky (p. 418).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 388).

Common Name: Abruptly-bulbous Agaricus

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

45108678 (Observed: 9/21/2018)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette and D. W. Fischer (1997). Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press (p. 51).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 160).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 500).

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2021

Identified By:

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

92556708 (Observed: 8/25/2021)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 160).

Common Names: Wrinkled Crust; Trembling Merulius; Trembling Crust; Jelly Rot Fungus

Synonyms: Merulius tremellosus; Phlebia tremellosa

Years Noted: 2017-2020; 2022; 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Ariana Rivellini;

iNaturalist Observations:

330468245 (Observed: 2/15/2019)

322751918 (Observed: 10/23/2025)

141994306 (Observed: 10/27/2022)

138428541 (Observed: 10/11/2022)

93048518 (Observed: 12/2/2018)

61910830 (Observed: 10/6/2020)

41048669 (Observed: 10/25/2019)

42659660 (Observed: 6/3/2019)

63338879 (Observed: 10/23/2020)

65101243 (Observed: 11/17/2020)

66390806 (Observed: 12/10/2020)

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 437).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 152).

Bessette, A. E. and D. G. B. Smith, Arleen R. (2021). Polypores and Similar Fungi of Eastern and Central North America. Austin, TX, University of Texas Press (p. 264).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 313; 292*).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 307).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 421).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 291).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Bleeding Agaricus; Wood Agaricus; Blushing Wood Mushroom: UK

Synonyms: Agaricus haemorrhoidarius

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Literature:

Arora, D. (1991). All That the Rain Promises, and More ... A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 116*).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 193; 194).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 505).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Giant Puffball

Synonyms: Calvatia bovista; Langermannia gigantea

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: ; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

50665452 (Observed: 9/10/2018)

Literature:

Arora, D. (1991). All That the Rain Promises, and More ... A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 219*).

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 493).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 93).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 325).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 129).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 823).

Russell, B. (2017). Field Guide to Wild Mushrooms of Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic. Revised and Expanded Edition, Penn State Press (p. 211).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 405).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Shaggy Mane; Shaggy Ink Cap; Lawyer's Wig

Year Noted: 2007

Identified and First Noted By: Lauren Levy

Literature:

Arora, D. (1991). All That the Rain Promises, and More ... A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 133).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 195).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 181).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 151).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 151).

Laessoe, T. (2013). How to Identify and Gather Wild Mushrooms and Other Fungi New York, NY, DK Publishing (p. 225).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 597).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. 224).

Russell, B. (2017). Field Guide to Wild Mushrooms of Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic. Revised and Expanded Edition, Penn State Press (p. 183; 24*).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 221).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Fluted Bird's Nest Fungus; Striate Bird's Nest; Splash Cups

Synonyms: Nidularia striata; Peziza striata

Years Noted: 2018-2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Also Noted By: Maribeth Beatty; Paige Vermeulen

iNaturalist Observations:

99373211 (Observed: 9/4/2019)

85391248 (Observed: 7/2/2021)

57675851 (Observed: 8/26/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 98).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 335).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 344; 343*).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 166).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 828).

Roody, W. C. (2003). Mushrooms of West Virginian and the Central Appalachians. Lexington, KY, The University Press of Kentucky (p. 461).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 409*).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

93054027 (Observed: 7/30/2018)

Common Names: Stinking Dapperling; Malodorous Lepiota

Year Noted: 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

97368309 (Observed: 10/6/2021)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 244).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 89).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 207*).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 258).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 38).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Reddening Lepiota

Synonyms: Lepiota americana

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Ryan Gehman

Also Noted By: ryankg7

iNaturalist Observations:

56891891 (Observed: 8/18/2020)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 90).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 207).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 260).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 35).

Russell, B. (2017). Field Guide to Wild Mushrooms of Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic. Revised and Expanded Edition, Penn State Press (p. 108).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 106).

Common Names: Onion-stalk Parasol; Onion-stalk Lepiota

Synonyms: Lepiota cepistipes; Lepiota lutea; Leucocoprinus cepaestipes

Year Noted: 2020

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

57674345 (Observed: 8/26/2020)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 91).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 208*).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 262).

Russell, B. (2017). Field Guide to Wild Mushrooms of Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic. Revised and Expanded Edition, Penn State Press (p. 110).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Ruby Dapperling

Synonyms: Leucoagaricus rubrotinctus

Year Noted: 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Mycah Choby

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

Literature:

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 207*).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 261).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Names: Gem-studded Puffball; Devil's Snuffbox; Common Puffball

Years Noted: 2012; 2020-2023

Identified By: Nur Ritter

First Noted By: Gerry Hertel

Also Noted By: CAGksq; Nur Ritter; ryankg7

iNaturalist Observations:

104421450 (Observed: 10/16/2021)

61779337 (Observed: 10/4/2020)

134975767 (Observed: 9/13/2022)

94245706 (Observed: 8/31/2021)

Literature:

Arora, D. (1991). All That the Rain Promises, and More ... A Hip Pocket Guide to Western Mushrooms. Berkeley, CA, Ten Speed Press (p. 216*).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 89).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 328).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 347).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 266).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 332).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 406).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Flesh-coloured Puffball

Year Noted: 2017

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Literature:

Baroni, T. J. (2017). Mushrooms of the Northeastern United States and Eastern Canada. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 497).

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 91).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette and D. W. Fischer (1997). Mushrooms of Northeastern North America. Syracuse, NY, Syracuse University Press (p. 455).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 333).

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2018

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

69955344 (Observed: 7/27/2018)

Common Name: No Common Name

Year Noted: 2022

Identified By: Jessica Williams (iNaturalist)

First Noted By: Nur Ritter

Common Names: Yellow Caesar; Mary Banning Slender Caesar

Years Noted: 2018; 2021

Identified and First Noted By: Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

Comments:
To date, only observed at the GNA during the very wet summer of 2018.

iNaturalist Observations:

95686539 (Observed: 9/21/2021)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 45).

Common Name: Destroying Angel

Years Noted: 2019; 2021; 2023

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

172727213 (Observed: 7/13/2023)

70445073 (Observed: 10/23/2019)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 241).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 45).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 121).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 89).

Ostry, M. E., et al. (2011). Field guide to common macrofungi in eastern forests and their eecosystem functions. Gen. Tech. Rep. NRS-79. Newtown Square, PA, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station: 82. (p. 9).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 33).

Russell, B. (2017). Field Guide to Wild Mushrooms of Pennsylvania and the Mid-Atlantic. Revised and Expanded Edition, Penn State Press (p. 67).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 9).

Common Name: Cleft-foot Amanita

Year Noted: 2017

Identified and First Noted By: Alexandra Hodowanec

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 237).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 46).

Elliot, T. F. and S. L. Stephenson (2018). Mushrooms of the Southeast. Portland, OR, Timber Press (p. 122).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 90).

Lincoff, G. H. (1981). National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Mushrooms. New York, NY, Alfred A. Knopf/Chanticleer Press (p. 527).

Lincoff, G. H. and G. Pacioni (1981). Simon and Schuster's Guide to Mushrooms New York, NY, Simon and Schuster, Inc. (p. NANA).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 31).

Sturgeon, W. E. (2018). Appalachian Mushrooms: A Field Guide. Athens, OH, Ohio University Press (p. 16).

Common Name: False Death-cap

Years Noted: 2018; 2020-2021

Identified and First Noted By: Ryan Gehman

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter; ryankg7

iNaturalist Observations:

69953067 (Observed: 8/14/2018)

58896589 (Observed: 9/7/2020)

Literature:

Barron, G. (2014). Mushrooms of Northeast North America. Edmonton, Canada, Partners Publishing and Lone Pine Media Productions (p. 237).

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 51*).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 91).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 27).

Note: An asterisk after a page number signifies that the species is only mentioned on that page.

Common Name: Coker’s Amanita

Year Noted: 2018

Identified By: Nur Ritter

First Noted By: Nur Ritter & Paige Vermeulen

Also Noted By: Nur Ritter

iNaturalist Observations:

57542985 (Observed: 8/29/2018)

Literature:

Bessette, A. E. B., Arleen R. Bessette (2018). Mushrooms of the Carolinas. Chapel Hill, NC, University of North Carolina Press (p. 47).

Kuo, M. and A. S. Methven (2014). Mushrooms of the Midwest, University of Illinois Press (p. 91).

Phillips, R. (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY, Firefly Books, Ltd. (p. 22).

Common Name: Poison Champagne Amanita

Year Noted: 2025

Identified and First Noted By: Nur Ritter